A2sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Clauses quiz
Learn independent and dependent clauses, relative clauses, and clause types in English.
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CEFR Level
B1 — Intermediate
Intermediate English grammar lessons.
120 Lessons available
Grammar Lessons
A2sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Phrases quiz
Understand noun phrases, verb phrases, adverbial phrases, and how they function in sentences.
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A1parts of speech
Interactive Grammar: Nouns quiz
Learn naming words — common, proper, countable, uncountable, and collective nouns.
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A1parts of speech
Interactive Grammar: Verbs quiz
Understand action, stative, linking verbs and verb forms in English grammar.
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A1parts of speech
Interactive Grammar: Adjectives quiz
Learn descriptive words — types, order, comparatives, and superlatives.
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A1parts of speech
Interactive Grammar: Adverbs quiz
Master adverbs of manner, time, place, frequency, and degree.
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A1parts of speech
Interactive Grammar: Conjunctions quiz
Learn coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions for connecting ideas.
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B1verbs
Interactive Grammar: Phrasal Verbs quiz
Learn phrasal verbs — verb + particle combinations like give up, look after, and turn on — and how they change meaning in English.
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B1verbs
Interactive Grammar: Infinitives of Purpose quiz
Use 'to' + infinitive to express purpose and reason — explaining why someone does something in English.
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B1verbs
Interactive Grammar: Gerunds and Infinitives quiz
Master when to use gerunds (-ing) and infinitives (to + verb) after verbs, adjectives, and prepositions in English.
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B1nouns
Interactive Grammar: Nouns with Dependent Prepositions quiz
Learn which prepositions follow specific nouns — like advantage of, effect on, and interest in — for accurate academic and everyday English.
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A2adjectives
Interactive Grammar: Superlative Adjectives quiz
Form and use superlative adjectives with -est and most to describe the highest or lowest degree of a quality.
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A2adverbs
Interactive Grammar: Adverbs: already, just, yet and still quiz
Use 'already', 'just', 'yet', and 'still' correctly in statements and questions, especially with the present perfect tense.
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B1adverbs
Interactive Grammar: Adverbs of Degree quiz
Use adverbs of degree — very, quite, rather, extremely, fairly, too — to modify adjectives and other adverbs for precise meaning.
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B1conjunctions
Interactive Grammar: Combining Sentences quiz
Combine ideas using and, or, but, whereas, both, and neither to create more varied and expressive sentences in English.
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B1conjunctions
Interactive Grammar: Cause and Effect Connectors quiz
Express causes and effects using 'because', 'because of', 'as a result', 'therefore', and other cause-and-effect signals in writing and speech.
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A2modals
Interactive Grammar: Can and Be Able To quiz
Compare 'can' and 'be able to' — understand when to use each for ability in present, past, and future contexts.
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A2modals
Interactive Grammar: Should quiz
Use 'should' to give and ask for advice, express opinions, and describe what is expected or the right thing to do.
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A2modals
Interactive Grammar: Making Suggestions quiz
Use 'should', 'could', 'why don't we', 'how about', and 'let's' to make and respond to suggestions in spoken and written English.
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B1modals
Interactive Grammar: Modals of Necessity quiz
Express strong necessity and obligation with 'must', 'have to', and 'need to' — and understand the differences between them.
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B1modals
Interactive Grammar: Modals for Obligation, Prohibition and Advice quiz
Use 'must', 'mustn't', 'should', 'ought to', and 'had better' to express obligation, prohibition, and advice clearly in English.
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A2modals
Interactive Grammar: Modal Verbs for Future Possibility quiz
Use 'may', 'might', and 'could' to express degrees of future possibility and uncertainty in English.
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A2phrases
Interactive Grammar: Prepositional Phrases quiz
Understand how prepositional phrases work as adjective or adverb phrases to add meaning and detail to sentences.
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A2phrases
Interactive Grammar: Adjective Phrases quiz
Understand how adjective phrases are formed and used to modify nouns and add description and detail in English.
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A2phrases
Interactive Grammar: Verb Phrases quiz
Learn how verb phrases are constructed — main verb plus auxiliaries and modifiers — and how they express tense, aspect, voice, and modality.
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A2phrases
Interactive Grammar: Adverb Phrases quiz
Understand adverb phrases — groups of words built around an adverb — and how they modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to add precision to sentences.
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B1phrases
Interactive Grammar: Gerund Phrases quiz
Master gerund phrases — an -ing verb form plus its complements — and how they function as subjects, objects, and complements in English sentences.
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B1phrases
Interactive Grammar: Infinitive Phrases quiz
Learn infinitive phrases — to + verb plus any complements — and how they function as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs in English sentences.
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B1phrases
Interactive Grammar: Appositives quiz
Learn how to use appositives — noun phrases placed next to a noun to rename or describe it — with correct comma usage and defining versus non-defining distinctions.
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A2tenses
Interactive Grammar: Past Continuous Tense quiz
Use was/were + -ing to describe ongoing past actions, background settings, and simultaneous past events.
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A2tenses
Interactive Grammar: Present Continuous for Future quiz
Use the present continuous (am/is/are + -ing) to talk about fixed arrangements and plans in the near future.
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A2tenses
Interactive Grammar: Future Forms quiz
Express future meaning using 'will', 'be going to', the present continuous for plans, and predictions in English.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Present Simple for Future quiz
Use the present simple to talk about scheduled or timetabled future events — trains, flights, events with fixed times.
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A2tenses
Interactive Grammar: Present and Past Simple Review quiz
Consolidate and contrast the present simple and past simple tenses through focused review questions.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Present Perfect Tense quiz
Connect past experience to the present using have/has + past participle with ever, never, just, already, and yet.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Present Perfect Continuous quiz
Describe actions that started in the past and are still continuing, or have recently stopped, using have/has been + -ing.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Would for Past Habits quiz
Use 'would + infinitive' to describe repeated past habits and routines — similar to 'used to' but only for actions, not states.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: State Verbs and Continuous Tenses quiz
Understand why stative verbs (know, believe, love, want) cannot normally be used in continuous forms and which verbs can be both stative and dynamic.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Time Expressions with Tenses quiz
Match the right time expressions to the right tenses — ago, since, for, yesterday, already, yet, by, until — for accurate and natural English.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Still / Ever / Never quiz
Use 'still', 'ever', and 'never' correctly in statements, questions, and negative sentences — especially with the present perfect tense.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Future Continuous quiz
Use will be + -ing to describe actions that will be in progress at a specific future time, or to make polite enquiries.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Past Perfect Tense quiz
Use had + past participle to describe an action completed before another past action — the tense that goes one step further back in time.
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B1tenses
Interactive Grammar: Conditional Tenses quiz
Review all conditional tense forms — zero, first, second, third, and mixed — focusing on the verb patterns in each conditional type.
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A2conditionals
Interactive Grammar: Zero Conditional quiz
Express general truths, scientific facts, and automatic results using if/when + present simple in both clauses.
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B1conditionals
Interactive Grammar: Unless and Conditionals quiz
Use 'unless' and 'if … not' in conditional sentences to express exceptions, warnings, and negative conditions.
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B1conditionals
Interactive Grammar: First Conditional quiz
Express real, possible future situations using if + present simple and will + infinitive.
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B1conditionals
Interactive Grammar: Second Conditional quiz
Describe imaginary or unlikely situations using if + past simple and would + infinitive.
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A2modals
Interactive Grammar: Modal Verbs quiz
Master can, could, may, might, must, should, and would for ability, permission, obligation, and probability.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Active Voice quiz
Understand the active voice — where the subject performs the action — and when to prefer it over the passive for clarity and directness.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Passive Voice quiz
Learn to form and use the passive voice across all tenses to shift focus from the doer to the action or result.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Changing Active to Passive quiz
Learn the step-by-step process of converting active sentences to passive across all tenses, with and without an agent.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Passive with Different Tenses quiz
Form the passive voice correctly in all tenses — present, past, future, perfect, and continuous — with clear examples.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Passive Questions quiz
Form passive questions correctly across tenses — Was it built? Has it been finished? Will it be announced? — without common word-order errors.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Passive Negative Sentences quiz
Form passive negatives correctly — was not built, has not been finished, will not be approved — across all major tenses.
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B1active and passive voice
Interactive Grammar: Agent in Passive Voice quiz
Understand when to include and when to omit the agent (by + noun) in passive sentences, and how it changes emphasis and formality.
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A2articles
Interactive Grammar: Articles: a, an and the quiz
Master when to use a, an, the, or no article at all — the rules every English learner needs.
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B1articles
Interactive Grammar: Zero Article quiz
Learn when to use NO article in English — with plural nouns, uncountable nouns, proper nouns, and fixed expressions.
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A2clauses
Interactive Grammar: Time Clauses quiz
Use time clauses with 'when', 'while', 'before', 'after', and 'as soon as' to describe sequences and simultaneous actions.
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B1clauses
Interactive Grammar: That Clauses quiz
Use 'that' clauses after verbs of thinking, believing, feeling, and reporting to express ideas and reported speech.
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B1clauses
Interactive Grammar: Relative Clauses quiz
Use who, which, that, whose, where, and when to add information about people, things, and places.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Statements quiz
Convert direct statements into reported speech using that-clauses, tense backshift, and pronoun changes.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Questions quiz
Transform direct questions into indirect reported questions — word order changes, no auxiliary inversion, that-clauses.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Yes/No Questions quiz
Report yes/no questions using whether or if, with correct word order and no question mark.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting WH Questions quiz
Report wh-questions using the original question word and affirmative word order: She asked where I lived.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Commands quiz
Report commands and instructions using tell/order/instruct + object + to-infinitive with tense and pronoun changes.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Requests quiz
Report polite requests using ask/request + object + to-infinitive and recognise the difference from commands.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Suggestions quiz
Report suggestions using suggest + -ing, suggest + that-clause, and other reporting verb patterns for recommendations.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Advice quiz
Report advice using advise, recommend, urge + object + to-infinitive or advise + that-clause patterns.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Warnings quiz
Report warnings using warn + object + not to-infinitive and warn + that-clause — essential for academic and formal writing.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Invitations quiz
Report invitations using invite/ask + object + to-infinitive and understand how to soften or make invitations more formal.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Tense Changes in Reported Speech quiz
Master the system of tense changes in reported speech — when backshift applies and when it can be avoided.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Backshift of Tenses quiz
Learn the complete backshift table: present → past, past → past perfect, will → would, can → could, and more.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Present Tenses quiz
Report present simple and present continuous statements with correct backshift to past simple and past continuous.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Past Tenses quiz
Report past simple and past continuous statements with backshift to past perfect and past perfect continuous.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Future Forms quiz
Report will, going to, and present continuous future by changing to would, was/were going to, and was/were + -ing.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Time Changes in Reported Speech quiz
Convert time expressions: now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next day, last year → the previous year.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Place Changes in Reported Speech quiz
Convert place expressions: here → there, this room → that room, come → go — with practical examples from real contexts.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Pronoun Changes in Reported Speech quiz
Change pronouns correctly: I → he/she, we → they, my → his/her — one of the most common sources of error in reported speech.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Demonstrative Changes in Reported Speech quiz
Convert this → that, these → those, and understand how demonstratives shift perspective in indirect speech.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Introduction to Reporting Verbs quiz
Learn the most common reporting verbs — say, tell, ask, explain, answer — and their grammatical patterns.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reported Speech in Conversations quiz
Report informal conversations naturally — choosing the right reporting verb, tense, and register for everyday spoken English.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Common Mistakes in Reported Speech quiz
Identify and correct the most frequent reported speech errors — wrong tense, wrong pronoun, incorrect word order in reported questions.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Common Tense Errors in Reported Speech quiz
Fix the most common tense errors: forgetting backshift, wrong perfect form, incorrect modal change.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Common Pronoun Errors in Reported Speech quiz
Correct pronoun mistakes: keeping I/we/you unchanged instead of shifting to he/she/they/I appropriately.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Common Reporting Verb Mistakes quiz
Avoid errors with reporting verbs — wrong pattern after say/tell, incorrect preposition, wrong infinitive or gerund form.
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A2direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Everyday Reported Speech quiz
Report everyday conversations informally and naturally — the way native speakers actually use reported speech in daily life.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Conversations Naturally quiz
Use natural spoken reporting patterns — dropping that, optional tense changes, discourse markers like apparently and supposedly.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Phone Conversations quiz
Report phone call content accurately — who said what, key information given, and appropriate use of say, tell, ask, and explain.
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B1direct and indirect speech
Interactive Grammar: Reporting Questions Politely quiz
Use indirect questions to ask politely: Could you tell me…? Do you know…? I was wondering whether… — and report what someone asked.
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B1prepositions
Interactive Grammar: Prepositions of Movement quiz
Learn to, towards, through, across, along, into, and out of to describe direction and movement in sentences.
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B1prepositions
Interactive Grammar: Prepositions After Adjectives quiz
Master adjective + preposition combinations — afraid of, interested in, good at, responsible for, and more.
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B1prepositions
Interactive Grammar: Complex Prepositions quiz
Use multi-word prepositions — despite, because of, due to, in addition to, as a result of — in formal writing.
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B1punctuation
Interactive Grammar: Semicolons and Colons quiz
Use semicolons to join related independent clauses and colons to introduce lists, explanations, and quotations.
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A2punctuation
Interactive Grammar: Quotation Marks quiz
Use quotation marks correctly for direct speech, titles, and special terms in both American and British English conventions.
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B1punctuation
Interactive Grammar: Hyphens and Dashes quiz
Distinguish hyphens in compound words from en dashes in ranges and em dashes for parenthetical statements in formal writing.
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A2subject verb agreement
Interactive Grammar: Indefinite Pronouns Agreement quiz
Use everyone, nobody, something, each, either, and neither with singular or plural verbs following the rules.
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B1subject verb agreement
Interactive Grammar: Agreement with Either and Neither quiz
Master either/or and neither/nor agreement — when to use singular or plural verbs in complex sentence patterns.
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B1subject verb agreement
Interactive Grammar: Complex Agreement Patterns quiz
Handle subject-verb agreement in sentences with inverted order, relative clauses, and intervening phrases.
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A2determiners
Interactive Grammar: much, many, few and little quiz
Master much/many/few/little/fewer/less to express quantity with countable and uncountable nouns accurately.
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B1determiners
Interactive Grammar: each, every, either and neither quiz
Use distributive determiners each, every, either, and neither with singular nouns to express individual reference.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Sentence Fragments quiz
Identify and fix incomplete sentences that lack a subject, a verb, or a complete thought — a common error in student writing.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Run-on Sentences quiz
Recognise and correct run-on sentences — two or more independent clauses joined incorrectly without proper punctuation or a conjunction.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Conciseness quiz
Write more clearly and efficiently by cutting unnecessary words, avoiding wordiness, and expressing ideas in the fewest words possible without losing meaning.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Redundancy quiz
Identify and eliminate redundant words and phrases — saying the same thing twice — to produce cleaner, more professional English writing.
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B1punctuation
Interactive Grammar: Comma Splices quiz
Understand and correct comma splices — the error of joining two independent clauses with only a comma — using conjunctions, semicolons, or full stops.
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B1punctuation
Interactive Grammar: Parentheses and Brackets quiz
Use parentheses () and square brackets [] correctly to add supplementary information, clarifications, and editorial insertions in formal and academic English writing.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Parallelism quiz
Use the same grammatical form for equal elements in a sentence — coordinate verbs, nouns, phrases, and clauses with balanced parallel structure.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers quiz
Identify and correct misplaced modifiers (wrong position) and dangling modifiers (no clear noun to modify) to write precise, unambiguous English sentences.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: Affect vs Effect quiz
Distinguish between affect (verb — to influence) and effect (noun — a result), two of the most commonly confused words in English writing.
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B1verbs
Interactive Grammar: Used To / Be Used To / Get Used To quiz
Master the three 'used to' structures: used to + infinitive for past habits, be used to + -ing for familiarity, and get used to + -ing for becoming accustomed to something.
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A2verbs
Interactive Grammar: Say vs Tell quiz
Learn the key difference between say (not followed by a person) and tell (always followed by a person), including common fixed expressions used with both verbs.
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A2prepositions
Interactive Grammar: Since vs For quiz
Use since with a specific point in time (since 2020) and for with a duration (for three years) to express how long something has been happening in English.
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A2determiners
Interactive Grammar: Much vs Many quiz
Learn when to use much (with uncountable nouns) and many (with countable nouns) to talk about large quantities in English.
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A2determiners
Interactive Grammar: Few vs A Few quiz
Understand the difference between few (almost none — negative) and a few (some — positive) with countable nouns in English.
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A2determiners
Interactive Grammar: Little vs A Little quiz
Learn the difference between little (almost none — negative) and a little (some — positive) when used with uncountable nouns in English.
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A2determiners
Interactive Grammar: Some vs Any quiz
Master when to use some (affirmative sentences and offers) and any (questions and negatives) with both countable and uncountable nouns in English.
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A2verbs
Interactive Grammar: Make vs Do quiz
Learn the difference between make (creating or producing something) and do (performing an activity or task) with common fixed collocations in English.
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B1prepositions
Interactive Grammar: During vs While quiz
Use during (followed by a noun phrase) and while (followed by a subject + verb clause) to describe simultaneous events or time periods in English.
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B1prepositions
Interactive Grammar: Like vs As quiz
Distinguish between like (preposition — similar to) and as (conjunction — in the same way that / role) to make accurate comparisons and describe roles in English.
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B1sentence structure
Interactive Grammar: So vs Such quiz
Learn how to use so (followed by an adjective or adverb) and such (followed by a noun phrase) for emphasis and expressing degree in English sentences.
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